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Country report at the workshop in Ghana 2004 |
Organic Farming in Sudan
Presented by:Fawzi Mohamed Salih
and Arafa A. M. Osman
Agricultural Research and Technology Corporation
Land and Water Research Centre
P.O. Box 388 Wad Medani Sudan
Sudan is the largest country in Africa with an area 2.5 milliom square kilometers and is bordered by nine African States. The country is inhabited by over 30 million persons. Ecologically,the country is diversified. Environmentally it ranges from desert in the north to very humid in the south, this wide range of variation is a result of climatic factors, particularly rainfall, together with soil variation leading to diversity in vegetation cover.
The Sudanese economy depends largely on agriculture. Agriculture is either irrigated or rain fed ( mechanized and traditional). In order to activate the backbone of the economy, agriculture has received greater attention and care. Policies addressd liberlization of prices, establishment of bank portfolios for financing. The irrigated sector did not respond positively to the policy orientations due to the bottlenecks and structural problems of infrastructure of finance. On the other hand the rain-fed sector depends on weather conditions particularly rainfall. Agricultural sustainability is impeded by drought, loss of soil fertility, deforestation and unplanned expantion of crop production at the expense of rangeland forest. The three main agricultural sectors vary in total area and finance share (Table 1).
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Agricultural sector |